Textile Finishing txheej txheem

Textile Finishing txheej txheem
Cov txheej txheem plaub no yog cov txheej txheem yooj yim, txheej txheem yuav txawv nyob ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb.
1. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj dawb
(1) Cotton scouring thiab bleaching txheej txheem:
Singeing -- desizing -- -- bleaching -- -- mercerizing
Singeing: Vim hais tias paj rwb yog luv fiber ntau, muaj luv luv fluff nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom.In thiaj li ua kom cov ntaub zoo nkauj thiab yooj yim rau kev kho mob yav tom ntej, thawj txheej txheem shoula yuav singeing.
Desizing: thaum lub sij hawm warping txheej txheem, kev sib txhuam ntawm paj rwb yarns yuav ua rau hluav taws xob zoo li qub, yog li nws yuav tsum tau starch ua ntej weaving.Tom qab weaving, lub pulp yuav nyuaj, thiab tom qab ib tug ntev lub sij hawm nws yuav daj thiab moldy, yog li nws yuav tsum tau desizing ua ntej los xyuas kom meej qhov kev vam meej ntawm luam ntawv thiab dyeing txheej txheem thiab zoo li mos.
Qhov thib ob yog cov txheej txheem tsuas yog scouring, lub hom phiaj yog tshem tawm impurities, roj thiab paj rwb plhaub.Cov roj paug kuj tuaj yeem ntxiv rau cov roj thiab lwm yam khoom ntxiv.
Bleaching: Siv cov ntaub so kom nws tig dawb.Muaj cov impurities nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso fibers, thaum lub sij hawm textile ua tej slurry, roj thiab paug av yuav ntxiv ib yam nkaus thiab.Lub hav zoov ntawm cov impurities no, tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam qhov kev vam meej ntawm dyeing thiab ua tiav, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam rau kev hnav ntawm cov ntaub.Lub hom phiaj ntawm scouring thiab bleaching yog siv tshuaj thiab lub cev txhua yam kev ua kom tshem tawm cov impurities ntawm cov ntaub, ua rau cov ntaub dawb, mos, nrog permeability zoo, thiab ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau hnav, muab cov khoom tsim nyog rau dyeing, luam ntawv, ua tiav.
Boiling yog siv caustic soda thiab lwm yam boiling additives nrog txiv hmab txiv ntoo pos hniav, waxy tshuaj, nitrogen tshuaj, cottonseed plhaub tshuaj degradation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, emulsification, o, thiab lwm yam., Ntxuav yuav tshem tawm impurities ntawm cov ntaub.
Bleaching tshem tawm cov pigments ntuj thiab xyuas kom cov ntaub nrog ruaj khov.Hauv kev nkag siab dav, nws kuj suav nrog kev siv xiav lossis fluorescent brightening cov neeg ua haujlwm los tsim kho qhov muag.Bleaching feem ntau suav nrog oxidant bleaching thiab txo tus neeg sawv cev bleaching.Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm oxidant bleaching yog los rhuav tshem cov xim generators kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj achromatic.Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev txo cov tshuaj bleaching yog los tsim cov tshuaj dawb los ntawm kev txo cov xim.Txoj kev ua cov tshuaj bleaching nyob ntawm ntau yam thiab cov tshuaj bleach.Feem ntau muaj peb pawg: leaching bleaching, leaching bleaching thiab dov bleaching.Ntau yam sib txawv muaj cov kev cai sib txawv rau bleaching.
Mercerizing: Ua kom cov ntaub ci zoo dua thiab zoo li softer.
1.1 Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntaub zoo tib yam thiab paj rwb / polyester ntaub yog qhov zoo ib yam (woven):
Singeing → desizing → bleaching
Cov ntaub bleached feem ntau hu ua ntaub dawb.
1.2 Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntaub zoo tib yam thiab paj rwb / polyester ntaub (knitted):
Shrinkage → desizing → bleaching
Alkali shrinkage: Vim tias knitted npuag tsis starched, nws yog qhov xoob xoob, alkali shrinkage yuav ua rau cov ntaub nruj.Qhov no yog siv qhov nro sib npaug kom flatten saum npoo ntawm cov ntaub.
Boiling: zoo ib yam li cov txheej txheem desizing, feem ntau yog tshem cov roj thiab paj rwb plhaub.
Bleach: Txhawm rau ntxuav cov ntaub huv
Cov txheej txheem corduroy: Cov ntaub yog tsim los ntawm ib lub xov paj ib ncig ntawm lwm cov xov paj los ua ib lub voj, thiab tom qab ntawd cov coil raug txiav los ua pawg.
1.3 Txheej txheem: alkali dov → fleece txiav → desizing → ziab → txhuam → fleece hlawv → boiling → bleaching
Lub hom phiaj ntawm alkali dov yog ua kom cov ntaub ntim ntau nruj;Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txiav yog kom du suede;Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txhuam hniav yog kom du suede thiab tshem tawm qhov tsis sib xws tom qab txiav;Lub hom phiaj ntawm singeing kuj yog kom tshem tawm pob thiab bruises.
1.4 txheej txheem ntawm polyester paj rwb ntaub yog tib yam li cov paj rwb zoo tib yam
1.5 flannelette: feem ntau npog cov pam vov, ris tsho hauv qab rau cov menyuam yaus, cov neeg laus, cov ntaub pua chaw pw, thiab lwm yam. Ib tug mace - zoo li cov menyuam tig ntawm kev kub ceev ntawm daim pam rub tawm cov fibers, kom cov velvet tsis zoo heev.
(2) Wool (wool fabric) txheej txheem: ntxuav → charring → bleaching
Wool ntxhua khaub ncaws: Vim cov ntaub plaub yog tsiaj fiber ntau, nws yog qias neeg, yog li nws yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom tshem tawm cov impurities nyob rau saum npoo (pob zeb, roj, hws, impurities, thiab lwm yam).
Carbonization: ntxiv tshem tawm impurities, av.
Carbonization: ntxiv tshem tawm impurities, av.Tom qab ntxuav, yog tias cov ntaub tsis huv, yuav xav tau cov kua qaub carbonization kom huv ntxiv.
Bleaching: Txhawm rau ntxuav cov ntaub huv.
(3) Cov txheej txheem ntawm txhob lo lo ntxhuav: degumming → bleaching los yog whitening (whitening thiab whitening additives)
(4) Polyester ntaub:
Filament: txo alkali → bleaching (ib yam li cov txheej txheem txhob lo lo ntxhuav)
② Staple fiber: singeing → boiling → bleaching (ib yam txheej txheem li paj rwb)
Steter: nce stability;Ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim;Qhov saum npoo yog tiaj.
2. Dyeing txheej txheem
(1) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm dyeing
Ib qho adsorption: Fiber yog ib qho polymer, uas yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv ions, thiab cov xim muaj nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ions sib txawv, kom cov fiber absorbs cov xim.
B Infiltration: muaj qhov khoob ntawm cov fiber ntau, cov zas xim yog nias rau hauv lossis nkag mus rau hauv cov molecular qhov khoob tom qab qhov kub thiab txias siab ua kom muaj xim.
C adhesion: tsis muaj dye affinity factor nyob rau hauv fiber ntau molecule, yog li cov nplaum yog ntxiv kom cov dye stick rau fiber.
(2) Txoj kev:
Fiber dyeing - xim spinning (spinning nrog xim, piv txwv li snowflake, zoo nkauj xov paj)
Yarn-dyed (yarn-dyed ntaub)
Khaub ncaws dyeing - Dyeing (daim dyeing)
Dyes thiab cov khoom siv spinning
① Direct dye-dyed paj rwb, linen, wool, silk thiab viscose (chav kub dyeing)
Nta: Qhov zoo tshaj plaws chromatography, tus nqi qis tshaj, kev ceev ceev tshaj plaws, txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws.
Formaldehyde yog siv los ua kom nrawm
Direct dye dyed fabrics feem ntau yog ntxiv rau stabilize xim ceev.
② Reactive dyes - pawg reactive nyob rau hauv dyes thiab paj rwb, hemp, txhob lo lo ntxhuav, ntaub plaub thiab viscose ua ke nrog cov active pab pawg neeg.
Nta: ci xim, zoo sib xws, ceev ceev, tab sis kim.
(3) Disperse dyes - tshwj xeeb dyes rau polyester
Cov dye molecules me me npaum li qhov ua tau kom nkag mus tau, thiab qhov kub thiab txias yog siv los txhawb cov xim nkag mus.Yog li ntawd, siab xim ceev ceev.
④ cationic dyes:
Ib qho tshwj xeeb dye rau acrylic fibers.Cov acrylic fibers yog cov ions tsis zoo thaum tig, thiab cov cations hauv cov xim yog absorbed thiab xim.
B polyester nrog tsis zoo ions, cationic dyes tuaj yeem dyed ntawm chav tsev kub.Qhov no yog cationic Polyester (CDP: Can Dye Polyester).
⑤ Acid dye: dyeing ntaub plaub.
Piv txwv li, T/C cov ntaub tsaus yuav tsum dyed?
Dye polyester nrog ib tug disperse dye, ces cov paj rwb nrog ib tug ncaj dye, thiab ces coated ob xim tiaj tus.Yog tias koj txhob txwm xav tau xim sib txawv, tsis txhob teeb tsa.
Rau lub teeb xim, koj tuaj yeem zas xim ib yam ntawm cov khoom siv raw, lossis polyester lossis paj rwb nrog cov xim sib txawv.
Yog hais tias cov xim ceev ceev yog siab, tshem tawm polyester;Rau cov neeg uas xav tau tsawg, paj rwb tuaj yeem dyed.
3. txheej txheem luam ntawv
(1) Printing los ntawm kev faib khoom siv:
A. flat screen printing: tseem hu ua phau ntawv platform printing, tseem hu ua screen printing.High-qib ntaub ntshiab txhob lo lo ntxhuav yog dav siv.
B. round screen printing;
C. cov menyuam luam ntawv;
D. hloov luam ntawv: Dye rau ntawm daim ntawv yog sublimated rau daim ntaub tom qab kub thiab siab siab los ua ib tug qauv
Cov qauv tsim tsis tshua meej.Curtain fabrics feem ntau yog hloov luam tawm.
(2) Kev faib tawm los ntawm txoj kev:
A. Dye printing: dyeing nrog active noob nyob rau hauv ncaj dyes thiab reactive dyes.
B. txheej luam ntawv: cov khoom ntxiv yog ntxiv rau hauv cov dye kom cov dye ua ke nrog cov ntaub (tsis muaj noob caj noob ces ntawm affinity ntawm daim ntaub thiab dye hauv cov dye)
C. Anti-printing (dyeing) printing: high-grade fabrics muaj siab yuav tsum tau rau xim, thiab anti-printing yuav tsum tau thov kom tsis txhob muaj cov xim sib txawv.
D. rub-tawm luam ntawv: Tom qab cov ntaub yog dyed, qee qhov chaw yuav tsum luam lwm cov xim.Cov xim ntawm cov khoom siv raw yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm thiab tom qab ntawd luam tawm rau lwm cov xim kom tsis txhob muaj xim sib txawv.
E. rotten paj luam ntawv: Siv cov alkali muaj zog kom rot cov xov paj ntawm ntug ntawm cov luam ntawv thiab tsim cov qauv velvet.
F. Kub (nyiaj) hmoov luam ntawv: kub (nyiaj) hmoov yog siv los luam cov ntaub.Qhov tseeb, nws kuj yog rau xim luam ntawv.
H. hloov luam ntawv: Dye rau ntawm daim ntawv yog sublimated rau daim ntaub tom qab kub kub thiab siab siab los tsim cov qauv.
I. tshuaj tsuag (kua) luam ntawv: raws li txoj cai ntawm cov xim luam ntawv.
4. Ua kom huv si
1) Kev npaj dav dav:
A. xav tiav:
① nyuaj, heev.Paj rwb thiab linen nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau
softener: softener thiab dej tuaj yeem ntxiv
B. Ua tiav qhov kawg:
① rub
② Pre-shrinking: rau cov ntaub paj rwb (ntxuav kom ntsws) ua ntej kom qhov loj me ruaj khov.
C. tsos finishing:
① calender (calender) ntaub luster, tom qab calender daim ntaub nto yuav harden.
② Lub embossing yog dov nrog ib tug nias
③ Tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab tshuaj dawb
2) Kev kho tshwj xeeb: Cov txheej txheem kom ua tiav kev kho tshwj xeeb: ntxiv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ntej teeb tsa, lossis txheej tshuab nrog cov txheej txheem sib xws.
A. Kev kho dej tsis zoo: lub tshuab txheej yog siv los siv cov txheej txheem dej tsis zoo / pleev xim rau ntawm cov ntaub;Lwm qhov yog kos duab ua ntej dov tus neeg saib xyuas dej tsis zoo.
B. Kev kho cov nplaim hluav taws: cov nyhuv ua tiav: tsis muaj nplaim taws qhib, cov luam yeeb pob tw pov rau ntawm cov ntaub mus rau ib qho chaw yuav raug tua.
C. Anti-fouling thiab anti-roj kev kho mob;Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog tib yam li waterproofing, saum npoo yog coated nrog ib tug coj txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom.
D. Anti-mildew, antibacterial kev kho mob: txheej, ceramic hmoov kuj siv tau los ua kev kho mob kom ua tiav anti-enzyme, antibacterial nyhuv.
E. los tiv thaiv UV: Kev siv cov txhob lo lo ntxhuav los tiv thaiv UV yog los tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov protein fibers ntawm cov lo lo ntxhuav tiag tiag, thiab ua kom txhob lo lo ntxhuav tiag tiag, lwm yam khoom yog los tiv thaiv UV hauv lub hnub.Lub npe tshwj xeeb: UV-CUT
F. Infrared kev kho mob: suav nrog infrared tsis kam thiab nqus kom ua tiav cov teebmeem sib txawv.
G. Antistatic kev kho mob: cov concentrated electrostatic dispersion, tsis yooj yim los tsim sparks.
Lwm yam kev kho mob tshwj xeeb yog: kev kho tshuaj tsw qab, tshuaj tsw qab (tshuaj nyhuv) kev kho mob, kev kho khoom noj khoom haus, kev kho hluav taws xob, kev kho mob (paj rwb ntaub stiffening, txhob lo lo ntxhuav wrinkle), ntxuav tuaj yeem hnav kev kho mob, kev kho mob, kev kho luminous, kev kho mob velvet, fuzz (nce ) kev kho mob.